ATI-MN ATI Maternal Newborn Exam - Set 1 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Eat small frequent meals.

Small, frequent meals keep the stomach from becoming overly full and reduce the reflux that causes heartburn as the growing uterus presses upward on the stomach. Option a is incorrect because large amounts of fluid with meals add to stomach fullness and can make reflux more likely. Option c is incorrect because lying down soon after eating lets stomach contents flow back upward, which worsens heartburn rather than easing it. Option d is incorrect because fried and fatty foods slow stomach emptying and tend to trigger heartburn, so they should be limited.

Correct Answer: Every two weeks

During an uncomplicated pregnancy, visits move to every two weeks from about 29 through 36 weeks so the provider can monitor the client and fetus more closely as term nears. Option a is incorrect because routine visits continue on a set schedule to catch problems early, not only when symptoms appear. Option b is incorrect because monthly visits apply to the earlier weeks; by this point the schedule increases to every two weeks. Option d is incorrect because weekly visits begin around 36 weeks, which is later than the client's current point in pregnancy.

Correct Answer: Rh immune globulin at 28 weeks

An Rh-negative client who is not sensitized receives Rh immune globulin around 28 weeks to prevent her body from forming antibodies against Rh-positive fetal blood. Option b is incorrect because being Rh-negative alone does not require weekly ultrasounds, which are reserved for specific fetal concerns. Option c is incorrect because Rh status does not call for iron infusions; that treatment addresses anemia rather than blood-type incompatibility. Option d is incorrect because Rh status does not warrant bed rest, which is used for conditions such as preterm labor or bleeding.

Correct Answer: Have the client empty her bladder.

Asking the client to empty her bladder first improves comfort and makes it easier to palpate the fetal position, since a full bladder can interfere with the examination. Option a is incorrect because a large meal does not aid palpation and may add to the client's discomfort during the examination. Option c is incorrect because lying completely flat can compress the major vessel; a small wedge under one hip is used to prevent low blood pressure. Option d is incorrect because Leopold maneuvers are performed with the client lying down, not standing, so the abdomen can be palpated.

Correct Answer: Vaginal bleeding with cramping

Vaginal bleeding with cramping in early pregnancy can signal miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy, so the client should report it right away for prompt evaluation. Option a is incorrect because fatigue is a common and harmless first-trimester complaint rather than a danger sign. Option b is incorrect because breast tenderness is an expected early change from rising hormones and does not require urgent reporting. Option d is incorrect because morning nausea is typical in early pregnancy and is concerning only if it becomes severe and persistent.

Correct Answer: Report fewer than expected movements.

A clear drop in fetal movement can indicate the fetus is not tolerating the pregnancy well, so the client should report counts that fall below the expected number. Option a is incorrect because the client tracks movements over a set period instead of stopping after a single kick, which would give no useful information. Option b is incorrect because the client counts at set times after meals or rest, not only when she happens to feel activity, so a true pattern emerges. Option c is incorrect because kick counts are done daily, often two to three times a day, rather than once a week.

Correct Answer: About twenty-five to thirty-five pounds

A client at a normal prepregnancy weight is guided toward gaining roughly twenty-five to thirty-five pounds over the pregnancy to support healthy fetal growth without excess. Option a is incorrect because forty to fifty pounds is excessive and increases the risk of a large infant and birth complications. Option c is incorrect because fifteen to twenty pounds is the target for a client who begins pregnancy overweight, not at a normal weight. Option d is incorrect because five to ten pounds is far too little and raises the risk of a low-birth-weight newborn.

Correct Answer: Folic acid

Folic acid is essential for early neurologic development, and adequate intake before and during pregnancy lowers the risk of neural tube defects in the developing fetus. Option a is incorrect because vitamin C supports iron absorption and tissue health but does not prevent neural tube defects. Option b is incorrect because calcium builds bones and teeth, yet it has no specific role in preventing neural tube defects. Option c is incorrect because vitamin D aids calcium use and bone health but is not the nutrient that guards against neural tube defects.

Correct Answer: Take it with orange juice.

Vitamin C improves iron absorption, so taking the supplement with orange juice helps the body use the iron and supports correction of the anemia. Option b is incorrect because milk contains calcium, which interferes with iron absorption and reduces the supplement's benefit. Option c is incorrect because antacids lower stomach acidity and decrease iron absorption, working against the goal of treating the anemia. Option d is incorrect because the caffeine in coffee blocks iron absorption, so it should not be taken together with the supplement.

Correct Answer: Pica

Craving and eating nonfood substances such as starch or clay is called pica, which can crowd out nutritious foods and contribute to deficiencies during pregnancy. Option a is incorrect because ptyalism is excessive saliva production, which differs entirely from the pattern of pica. Option b is incorrect because hyperemesis refers to severe, persistent vomiting, not the craving and intake of nonfood items. Option d is incorrect because heartburn is a burning chest discomfort from reflux and is unrelated to eating nonfood substances.

Correct Answer: Drink fluids to fill the bladder.

A full bladder lifts the uterus and improves the image during an abdominal ultrasound, so the client is asked to drink fluids and not void before the scan. Option a is incorrect because emptying the bladder would lower the uterus and worsen the image quality the full bladder helps provide. Option b is incorrect because a laxative serves no purpose for an ultrasound and is unrelated to obtaining a clear image. Option c is incorrect because fasting is not required for an ultrasound, which does not involve sedation or contrast affected by food.

Correct Answer: It is a reassuring result.

A reactive nonstress test shows the fetal heart rate accelerating appropriately with movement, which is a reassuring sign of fetal well-being and an intact nervous system. Option b is incorrect because a reactive result is normal and indicates the fetus is doing well, not that it is in distress. Option c is incorrect because a reassuring test points to fetal well-being and does not signal a need to induce labor. Option d is incorrect because a reactive result supports continuing the pregnancy and does not indicate that a cesarean is required.

Correct Answer: Positive and abnormal

Repeated late decelerations with contractions make the contraction stress test positive, suggesting the placenta may not support the fetus well during the stress of labor. Option a is incorrect because a negative result shows no late decelerations; the presence of late decelerations is the opposite, an abnormal finding. Option c is incorrect because late decelerations are not an expected or desired response and signal a problem with placental function. Option d is incorrect because late decelerations are not a normal variation; they indicate the fetus may not tolerate labor.

Correct Answer: Ask the client to empty her bladder.

At this stage the client empties her bladder before the amniocentesis so the bladder is not punctured, since the lower bladder could otherwise be in the needle's path. Option a is incorrect because the client lies on her back with a wedge under one hip, not prone, so the abdomen is accessible and circulation is protected. Option b is incorrect because a liquid meal is unnecessary and does not improve the safety or accuracy of the procedure. Option d is incorrect because withholding all fluids is not required, and the key preparation is emptying the bladder rather than restricting intake.

Correct Answer: A neural tube defect

A high maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level is associated with neural tube defects such as spina bifida, so an elevated result prompts further evaluation of the fetus. Option a is incorrect because gestational diabetes is detected through glucose testing and is unrelated to the alpha-fetoprotein level. Option c is incorrect because Down syndrome is linked with a low alpha-fetoprotein level, not an elevated one. Option d is incorrect because a molar pregnancy is identified mainly by very high pregnancy hormone levels and ultrasound, not a high alpha-fetoprotein.

Correct Answer: I can drink unlimited coffee daily.

Excess caffeine is linked with pregnancy risks, so intake should be limited; believing it can be consumed freely shows the client needs further teaching. Option a is incorrect because choosing water over caffeinated drinks is appropriate and shows the client grasps the teaching. Option b is incorrect because keeping caffeine to a moderate limit reflects accurate understanding rather than a misconception to correct. Option c is incorrect because recognizing that high caffeine intake can harm the pregnancy is a correct statement, not an error.

Correct Answer: Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12 is found mainly in animal products, so a client on a strict vegetarian diet may need a supplement to meet the increased needs of pregnancy. Option b is incorrect because sodium is plentiful in most diets and is not a nutrient that a vegetarian pregnant client typically lacks. Option c is incorrect because potassium is abundant in fruits and vegetables, making a deficiency unlikely on a vegetarian diet. Option d is incorrect because vitamin A is available from many plant foods, so deficiency is not the main concern with a vegetarian diet.

Correct Answer: A complete obstetric history

A complete obstetric history reveals past losses, complications, and outcomes that shape current risk and guide the plan of care for this pregnancy. Option a is incorrect because room temperature preference has no bearing on assessing the client's reproductive history or current risk. Option b is incorrect because food preferences, while useful for later diet teaching, are not the priority when establishing pregnancy risk. Option d is incorrect because exercise brand preferences are irrelevant to the obstetric history the nurse needs to gather first.

Correct Answer: Leafy green vegetables

Leafy green vegetables are a rich source of folic acid, which supports early neurologic development and helps prevent neural tube defects during pregnancy. Option b is incorrect because hard candy provides sugar with essentially no folic acid or other nutrients of value in pregnancy. Option c is incorrect because plain white rice is low in folic acid unless it has been fortified, so it is not a strong recommendation. Option d is incorrect because butter is a fat source and does not supply meaningful amounts of folic acid.

Correct Answer: Avoid changing the cat litter box.

Toxoplasmosis can spread through cat feces, so the client should avoid changing the litter box during pregnancy to lower the risk of infecting the fetus. Option a is incorrect because unpasteurized milk can carry harmful organisms and should be avoided during pregnancy. Option b is incorrect because rare or undercooked meat can transmit toxoplasmosis, so the client should eat meat that is thoroughly cooked. Option c is incorrect because washing produce removes possible contamination, so skipping it would raise rather than lower the risk.